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Haru Kobayashi
was a Japanese female musician, singing goze songs accompanied by a shamisen. Kabashi was blind and had been since the age of 3 months. She started ''goze'' training at age 5 and started her career at age 8. She continued until 1978 and traveled throughout most of Niigata Prefecture as well as through parts of the Yamagata and the Fukushima Prefectures.〔Sakuma()〕 In 1978, she was named as one of the Living National Treasure of Japan, as a key figure of the traditional goze art form.〔Honma()〕 In 1979, she was awarded the ''Medal of Honor with Yellow Ribbon''.
==Childhood==
She was born on January 24, 1900, the last daughter of four siblings in what is known today as Sanjo city, Niigata Prefecture. She was born to a relatively wealthy farming family of the ''Shoya'' class, or "top of the village". At 3 months of age, she lost her eyesight in both eyes due to cataracts, her family was told that there was no hope of recovery. In 1902, her father died and, at that time, her mother had asthma. Kobayashi was brought up by her great-uncle, the younger brother of her grandfather.
Her foster family feared the stigma of discrimination, and Kobayashi was made to live in her bedroom. She had to eat meals there, and her water intake was limited to minimize her need the toilet, as each trip would have necessitated the assistance of family members and exposed her to passersby as toilets were commonly in an outhouses at the time. She was told not to say anything except when she was called. She was even told that she should eat less, because she was being cared for. She was not called by her name; only "''mekurakko''" (blind woman) or "''tochi''" (the short form of ''tochi-mekura'', a slang term). Her brother, who was 16 years older than her, teased her and told her he could not marry because of her. She could not remember her exact date of birth. A fortune-teller foretold that she would live long, and her family considered how she might make a living.〔Shimoju()〕 At that time, blind persons had limited means to earn a living. Careers open to them included acupuncture, massage, and playing music on the koto or the shamisen. Acupuncture was selected but when she first met the acupuncturist, he was drunk and told her that he would perform acupuncture on her if she did not study hard. She was scared and abandoned acupuncture.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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